Comparision between indocyanine green fluorescence-guided lumpectomy of nonpalpable breast cancer and ultrasound-guided excision / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To date, a vast array of localization techniques for excisions of nonpalpable breast cancer (NBC) is available, but the best choice remains unclear. Although ultrasound localization (US) is a widely available and feasible tool, it has several disadvantages for excisions of NBC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of indocyanine green-guided nonpalpable breast cancer lesion localization (INBCL) and to compare it with US.Methods:The clinical data of 78 consecutive patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery for NBC in Dalian Central Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 were prospectively reviewed the. Of all 78 excision.42 (53.8%) were localized by INBCL and 36 (46.1%) by US. Patients with preoperatively diagnosed primary ductal carcinoma in situ and multifocal disease were excluded from the study.Results:Both techniques resulted in 100.0% retrieval of the lesions. The rate of clear margins was 90.5% (38/42) in the INBCL group compared to the 83.3% (30/36) in the US group ( P>0.05). The margin width at first excision for both INBCL and US series of patients was compared. In the INBCL series, 92.9% (39/42) of cases had a margin less than 5 mm, whereas for US series it was 72.2% (26/36)( P<0.05). When results of the excised tissue were taken into account, the mean specimen volume for INBCL was 58 cm 3, wheres for US excision it was larger at 73 cm3,but there was not significantly different ( P = 0.058). Conclusions:INBCL for NBCs is more accurate than US, because a smaller volume of the tissue may be excised by using the technique, without compromising margin status in nonpalpable lesions. Therefore INBCL is an attractive alternative to US.

The application value of indocyanine green combined with methylene blue in sentinel lymph node biopsy of breast cancer / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To evaluate the potential value of indocyanine green combined with methylene blue and methylene blue alone in the detection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in breast cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 118 patients with early breast cancer from November 2016 to October 2018 in Dalian Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 62 patients underwent SLN biopsy under methylene blue (methylene blue group, 160 SLN), and 56 patients underwent SLN biopsy under indocyanine green combined with methylene blue (combined group, 190 SLN). After SLN biopsy, patients underwent grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ axillary lymph node dissection.Results:There was no significant difference in the positive lymph node rate and accuracy rate between 2 groups ( P>0.05); the SLN dyeing rate and SLN biopsy positive rate in combined group were significantly higher than those in methylene blue group: 97.9% (186/190) vs. 93.1% (149/160) and 28.4% (54/190) vs. 18.1% (29/160), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05); the false negative rate in combined group was lower than that in methylene blue group: 5.3% (3/57) vs. 14.7% (5/34), but there was no statistical difference ( P>0.05). Conclusions:In breast cancer patients, the dual -tracing method of indocyanine green combined with methylene blue is better than using methylene blue alone in identifying SLN and predicting the status of axillary lymph nodes, and it has a tendency to reduce the false negative rate.

Efficacy of percutaneous intervention for patent ductus arteriosus guided by transesophageal echocardiography in obese teenagers / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To explore the safety and efficacy of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)-guided percutaneous intervention for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in obese teenagers. Methods    From January 2018 to June 2019, 21 obese teenagers with PDA treated with femoral artery occlusion guided by TEE in the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Dalian Children's Hospital of Dalian Medical University were included in this study, including 13 males and 8 females aged 12.8-17.3 (15.1±1.7) years, with an average weight of 51.0-89.0 (73.4±10.1) kg. The operative effect was evaluated. Results    All patients successfully received the surgery, and none was changed to radiation-guided or thoracotomy ligation. The average operating time was 23.9±6.8 min, the average postoperative hospitalization time was 3.8±0.6 d. No peripheral vascular injury, intracardiac infection or pericardial effusion occurred. The mean follow-up time was 19.5±4.9 months, and the results of all reexaminations were good. Conclusion    For some PDA children with obesity, emphysema or thoracic malformation, it is difficult to block PDA by transthoracic ultrasound-guided percutaneous intervention, and TEE can avoid the interference of chest wall and lung qi, or other factors. It is an effective supplementary guidance method worthy of promotion.

Metformin treatment of antipsychotic-induced dyslipidemia: analysis of two randomized, placebo-controlled trials / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To examine the efficacy and safety for metformin in treating antipsychotic-induced dyslipidemia.
 Methods: Two randomized placebo-controlled trials were included in the analysis. A total of 201 schizophrenia patients with dyslipidemia after treatment with an antipsychotic were collected, and the patients were divided into two groups: a 1 000 mg/d metformin group (n=103) and a placebo group (n=98). The clinical symptoms and metabolic indicators such as body weight, blood glucose, and blood lipids were assessed at baseline, the 12th week and the 24th week after treatment respectively.
 Results: After metformin treatment, the mean difference in the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) value between the metformin group and the placebo group was from 0.16 mmol/L at baseline to -0.86 mmol/L at the end of the 24th week, which was decreased by 1.02 mmol/L 
(P<0.01). At the 24th week, the LDL-C was more than 3.37 mmol/L in 25.3% patients in the metformin group, which was significantly lower than that in the placebo group (64.8%) (P<0.01). Compared with the placebo group, there were significant changes in the weight, body mass index (BMI), insulin, insulin resistance index, total cholesterol and triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the metformin group (all P<0.05). The treatment effects on weight and insulin resistance appeared at the 12th week and further improved at the 24th week, but the effects on improving dyslipidemia only significantly occurred at the end of the 24th week.
 Conclusion: The metformin treatment is effective in improving antipsychotic-induced dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, and the effect to reduce the antipsychotic-induced insulin resistance appears earlier than the effect to improve dyslipidemia.

Clinical characteristics of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma less than or equal to 5 mm / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma with diameter ≤ 5 mm. Methods The clinical data of 259 papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients who had underwent radical thyroidectomy from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the preoperative tumor diameter: ＞5 mm group (88 cases) and ≤ 5 mm group (171 cases); then according to the lymph node metastasis, the 2 groups were divided into non-lymph node metastasis sub-group and lymph node metastasis sub-group. The reason of lymph node metastasis was analyzed. Results There were no statistical difference in gender composition, age and combined Hashimoto thyroiditis rate between ＞5 mm group and≤5 mm group (P＞0.05). The rates of T3-4 stage, N1a-1b stage and multifocal tumors in＞5 mm group were significantly higher than those in ≤ 5 mm group: 34.1% (30/88) vs. 18.7% (32/171), 45.5% (40/88) vs. 22.8% (39/171) and 39.8% (35/88) vs. 22.8% (39/171), and there were statistical differences (P＜0.05 or＜0.01). In＞5 mm group, lymph node metastasis sub-group had 40 cases, non-lymph node metastasis sub-group had 48 cases; the rate of T3-4 stage in lymph node metastasis sub-group was significantly higher than that in non-lymph node metastasis sub-group: 55.0% (22/40) vs. 16.7% (8/48), and there was statistical difference (P＜0.01). In≤5 mm group, lymph node metastasis sub-group had 39 cases, and non-lymph node metastasis sub-group had 132 cases; the rate of T3-4 stage in lymph node metastasis sub-group was significantly higher than that in non-lymph node metastasis sub-group:51.3% (20/39) vs. 9.1% (12/132), and there was statistical difference (P＜0.01). In＞5 mm group and≤5 mm group, there were no statistical difference in gender composition, age, combined Hashimoto thyroiditis rate and multifocal tumors rate between 2 sub-groups (P＞0.05). Conclusions The clinical behavior of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma with diameter ≤ 5 mm has a less aggressive nature compared to that＞5 mm. Tumor capsular invasion or extra thyroidal extension has a great influence on lymph node metastasis in thyroid papillary microcarcinoma of different diameter.

rotective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes against testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomesagainst testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat BMSCs were isolated, cultured and identified in theprimary culture. The exosomes were extracted from the BMSCs and characterized using nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and Western blotting. Twenty-four healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into shamoperation group, testicular IRI with saline treatment group and IRI with exosome treatment group. The contralateral testes ofthe rats were collected for pathological observation, aseessment of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and detection of HMGB1, caspases-3 and cleaved caspase-3 expressions using Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We successfullyobtained exosomes from rat BMSCs. Testicular IRI significantly impaired testicular spermatogenesis, which was markedlyimproved by treatment with the exosomes ( < 0.05). Testicular IRI also caused significant increase in the protein expression ofHMGB1, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 in the testicular tissue, and treatment with the exosomes obviously amelioratedthese changes ( < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>BMSCs-derived exosomes protects against testicular IRI due to the anti-oxidant, antiinflammatory and anti-apoptosis activities of the exosomes.</p>

Comparison of postoperative analgesia between transversus abdominis plane block and caudal block for Hirschsprung??s disease / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To compare the analgesia effect of transversus abdominis plane(TAP) block and caudal block after radical surgery of Hirschsprung’s disease.Methods Sixty pediatric pa-tients,52 males,8 females,aged 1-3 yr,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective rad-ical surgery on Hirschsprung’s disease,were equally randomized into TAP block group(group TAP) and caudal block group (group CA).0.2% ropivacaine 1 ml/kg was used in both blocks.FLAAC scores were measured at 6,12,18 and 24 h after surgery.The requirement of sufentanil every 6 h, the first passage of flatus,the time of removing urine tube and the incidence of nausea and vomiting within 24 hours were recorded.Results Compared with group TAP,FLAAC scores and the require-ment of sufentanil were significantly decreased at 6 h after operation in group CA(P <0.05).FLAAC scores and the requirement of sufentanil were similar at 12,18 and 24 h in the two groups.The first passage of flatus,the time of removing urine tube in group TAP were significantly shorter than group CA(P < 0.05 ).The incidence of nausea and vomiting were not significantly different in the two groups.Conclusion Although both TAP block and caudal block can provide effective analgesia for the pediatric patients after radical surgery on Hirschsprung’s disease,caudal block provided superior anal-gesia at early stage after operation,however,TAP block is more beneficial for earlier recovery of bowl function.

Comparative clinical study of percutaneous and peratrial device closure of secundum atrial septal defects under single transesophageal echocardiographic guidance / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective This study is to evaluate the advantages between percutaneous and peratrial device closure of secundum atrial septal defects(ASD) under single transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) guidance.Methods From December 2010 to December 2012,53 patients with the ASD of≤25 mm in diameter underwent percutaneous device closure under simple TEE guidance(the percutaneous group).The device was implanted through the femoral vascular access.Fifty patients with similar age and similar-sized ASD to the percutaneous group,were selected from 350 consecutive patients who underwent peratrial device closure of ASD and assigned to the peratrial group.The ASDs were occluded through a right minithoracotomy approach.The success rate,intracardiac manipulation time,procedural time,postoperative stay and the follow-up results were recorded.Results When the maximum diameter of ASD was ＜ 20 mm,the success rate of both groups was 100％.When the ASD diameter was 20 mm but 25 mm,the success rate was 84％ in the percutaneous group and 100％ in the peratrial group.Three patients failed in the percutaneous group with the ASD diameter of 20 mm and the aortic rim of 3 mm.They were successfully converted to peratrial device closure.The average intrcardiac manipulation time was(20±7) minutes in the percutaneous group and (5 ± 6) minutes in the peratrial group(P ＜ 0.05).The average procedure time was(24 ± 7) minutes in the percutaneous group and (39 ± 6) minutes in the peratrial group(P ＜ 0.05).The postoperative hospital stay was (3.0 ± 0.8) days in the percutaneous group and(4.7 ± 1.5) days in the peratrial group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The percutaneous device closure of ASD under simple TEE guidance is feasible,safe,and efficacious in patients with the ASD diameter of ≤25 mm.It has the advantages of less trauma,less procedural time,shorter hospital stay and better cosmetic results.However,when the ASD diameter was 20 mm and the aortic rim was 3 mm,the peratrial approach may be a better choice.

Expression of cysteine-rich secretory protein 2 in patients with asthenozoospermia and its clinical significance / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJEVTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of cysteine-rich secretory protein 2 (CRISP2) in spermatozoa of patients with asthenozoospermia and explore its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHOS</b>Semen samples were collected from 24 normal volunteers and 24 patients with asthenozoospermia for detecting CRISP2 mRNA and protein expressions using qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The correlation of CRISP2 expressions with sperm morphology, progressive motility and fertility prognosis were analyzed in patients with asthenozoospermia.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CRISP2 protein expression was obviously lowered in the ejaculated spermatozoa of patients with asthenozoospermia as compared to the normal volunteers, but no significant difference in CRISP2 mRNA expression was found between the two groups. Correlation analysis showed that CRISP2 protein expression was positively correlated with normal sperm morphology (r=0.6182, P=0.0037) and progressive motility (r=0.6309, P=0.0029). Follow-up study of the patients revealed a higher fertility rate in patients with a relatively high CRISP2 protein expression than in those with low CRISP2 protein expression (80.0% vs 20.0%, P=0.0230).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression level of CRISP2 protein is positively correlated with normal sperm morphology and progressive motility. A reduced CRISP2 protein expression indicates poor fertility prognosis of patients with asthenozoospermia, suggesting the potential value of CRISP2 as a novel therapeutic target for treating asthenozoospermia.</p>

Use of Fluorescence Imaging in Combination with Patent Blue Dye versus Patent Blue Dye Alone in Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer / 한국유방암학회지

PURPOSE: Near-infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) has the potential to improve sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in breast cancer. In this clinical trial, we compared the potential value of ICG combined with blue dye with that of blue dye alone for detecting SLNs. METHODS: Patients undergoing SLN biopsy (SLNB) between November 2010 and November 2013 were included. Up to December 2011, SLNs were detected by using patent blue (PB) alone, and since January 2012, by using PB in combination with ICG. The patients were divided into the following two groups: group A (ICG-PB; n=96) and group B (PB; n=73), and SLN detection parameters were compared between the groups. All patients underwent level I and II axillary dissections after SLNB. RESULTS: In group A, the SLN detection rate was 96.9% (93/96), the accuracy of detection was 98.9% (92/93), and the false-negative rate (FNR) was 3.4% (1/29). In group B, the SLN detection rate was 84.9% (62/73), the accuracy of detection was 96.8% (60/62), and the FNR was 11.1% (2/18). The ICG-PB group showed significantly superior results compared to the PB group for SLN detection (p=0.005) and a greatly improved FNR. CONCLUSION: The combined fluorescence and blue dye-based tracer technique was superior to the use of blue dye alone for identifying SLNs, and for predicting axillary lymph node status in patients with breast cancer; in addition, the combined technique had reduced false-negative results.

New minimally invasive technique of perventricular device closure of supracristal or intracristal ventricular septal defects through a parasternal approach / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the feasibility,safety and efficacy of perventricular device closure of supracristal or intracristal ventricular septal defects (VSD) using a minimally invasive technique through a parasternal approach.Methods 49 patients,aged 4 months to 53 years [median 4.8 years],were enrolled in this study.A 1.5 to 3 cm parasternal incision was made in the left second or third intercostal space.The pericardium was incised and cradled without entering the pleural space.Two parallel pursestring sutures were placed at the right ventricular outflow tract.After puncture,the specially designed delivery sheath loaded with the device was inserted into the right ventricle.Under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance,the sheath was advanced through the defect into the left ventricle.Then the device was deployed to close the defect.Results Successful implantation of the device was achieved in 47 patients (96％),including 26 in intracristal group and 21 in supracristal group.The concentric,eccentric,and muscular occluders were used in 17,28 and 2 patients,respectively.The mean diameter of VSD was (4.4 ± 1.7)mm in the intracristal group and (2.7 ± 0.9) mm in the supracristal group.The mean device size was (7.0 ± 2.3) mm and (4.8 ± 1.1)mm in the intralcristal and supracristal group,respectively.The mean intracardiac manipulation time was (17 ± 16) min.During the follow-up period of 3 to 24 months,no device-related complications were found.Conclusion The perventricular device closure of small-sized supracristal or under medium-sized intracristal VSD is feasible,safe,and efficacious through a left parasternal approach.

Further study of sonographic examination skills and classifications of the inferior vena cava lesions in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To explore a compatible approach to detect and classify the lesions of inferior vena cavas (IVCs) on sonogram in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome(BCS).Methods Ultrasonogram of the IVCs were observed detailedly in 300 patients with BCS by using trans-abdomen and trans-thorax-right atrium-inferior vena cava ingress sections.Transducers usually used for heart examination were applied in the latter.Lesions of the IVCs found in 277 out of 300 patients were classified.All lesions were confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and among them,52 cases underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA).Results Lesions of IVCs were classified into 3 categories as follows:membranous type,segmental type,and ex-pressed type.① Membranous type (thickness ≤ 15 mm) included membranous stenosis type and membranous occlusion type.On the basis of the thickness,the membranous stenosis type was further classified into thinner membranous stenosis type (thickness ≤5mm) and thicker membranous stenosis type (5 mm＜thickness≤ 15 mm).The membranous occlusion type was further classified into thinner membranous occlusion type (thickness ≤5 mm) and thicker membranous occlusion type (5 mm＜thickness ≤15 mm).② Segmental type (lengtb ＞ 15 mm) was consist of segmental stenosis type and segmental occlusion type.Based on the length of the lesion,the segmental stenosis type was further divided into longer segmental stenosis type (length ＞ 30 mm) and shorter segmental stenosis type (15 mm＜length ≤30 mm).The segmental occlusion type was further divided into longer segmental occlusion type (length ＞ 20mm) and shorter segmental occlusion type (15 mm＜ length ≤20 mm).③ Ex-pressed type of IVCs was mainly caused by compression of intumescent caudate lobes.Corresponding sonographic features were demonstrated in each type.Conclusions Ultrasonogram of trans-abdomen and trans-thorax-right atrium-inferior vena cava ingress sections could accurately classify the lesions of IVCs.It is of important significance for the clinical treatment.

New minimally invasive technique of peratrial device closure of ventricular septal defect through a right parasternal approach / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility,safety and efficacy of peratrial device closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) through a right parasternal approach.Methods Between May 2011 and July 2012,47 patients (peratrial group),aged 7 months to 37 years,underwent peratrial device closure of VSD through a right parasternal approach.According to the same inclusion criteria,47 patients who underwent perventricular device closure of VSD were randomly chosen as the control group (perventricular group).In the peratrial group,a 1.5 to 2.0 cm parasternal incision was made in the right fourth or third intercostal space.The pericardium was incised and cradled.Two parallel pursestring sutures were placed at the right atrium near the atrioventricular groove.After puncture,a specially designed hollow probe was inserted into the right atrium.The probe was passed through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.Under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance,the tip of the probe was adjusted to point to or cross the defect.A flexible guidewire was rapidly inserted into the left ventricle through the channel of the probe to establish a delivery pathway,and the delivery sheath was introduced through the defect over the wire.Then the device was deployed to close the defect.Results Successful implantation of the device was achieved in both groups of patients (100％).In the peratrial group,the entrance and the exit diameter of the VSD were (7.4 ±4.1) mm (range,2.0 to 20.0 mm) and (3.4 ± 1.2)mm (range,2.0 to 7.0 mm),respectively.The mean device size was (6.3 ± 1.5)mm (range,4.0 to 12.0 mm).The mean intracardiac manipulation time is longer in the peratrial group [(15 ± 13) min] than in the perventricular group[(8 ± 5)min],P ＜ 0.01.But the procedure time is shorter in the peratrial group[(56 ± 24) min] than in the perventricular group [(72 ± 16) min],P ＜ 0.01.During the follow-up period of 1 to 12 months,no device-related complications were found.Conclusion The peratrial device closure of VSD is feasible,safe,and efficacious.It has the advantages of less invasiveness,better cosmetic results,and a shorter procedure time.

Study of strain and strain rate imaging in systemic lupus erythematosus / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnosis value of the tissue strain imaging in myocardial dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Sixty-two patients and sixty controls underwent conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiography. Peak strain and strain rate value during systolic and diastolic phases as well as E/A, left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) were measured in both SLE and the control groups. Results ①E/A,LVFS and LVEF did not differ between SLE patients and controls( P ＞0.05). The systolic peak strain and strain rate of SLE patients were lower than those of controls but without significant differences( P ＞0.05). ②The diastolic peak strain and strain rate of SLE patients were significantly lower than those of controls (P ＜0.01). ③ The diastolic peak strain and strain rate of antiheart antibody (AHA) positive patients were significantly lower than those of negative ones( P ＜0.05). Conclusions Strain and strain rate combining with AHA can sensitively detect myocardial dysfunction of SLE.

The Value of Susceptibility-weighted Imaging in Evaluating the Histopathologic Grade of Cerebral Astrocytomas / 中国医学影像学杂志

Purpose:To investigate the value of susceptibility-weighted imaging(SWI)in evaluating the histopathologic grade of cerebral astrocytomas.Materials and Methods: 18 patients with histologically proven cerebral astrocytomas,including 7 diffuse astrocytomas,3 ana-plastic astrocytomas and 8 glioblastomas before treatment were involved in this study.The features on SWI were analyzed in 18 cerebral astrocytomas.Results: The veins in the tumors were not detected in 7 diffuse astrocytomas.Slight edema round tumors appeared in all the diffuse astrocytomas.Plenty veins in the tumors and severe edema round the tumors appeared in 3 anaplastic astrocytomas and 8 glioblastomas.The hemorrhagic foci were detected in 1 anaplastic astrocytomas and 6 glioblastomas.The edema round the tumors were moderate or severe in all the anaplastic astrocytomas or glioblastomas.Conclusions: Susceptibility-weighted imaging can provide the informations about blood supply,hemorrhagic focus and edema round the tumors.SWI is very useful for preoperative evaluation of the histopathologic grade of cerebral astrocytomas,especially for evaluation of high or low grade astrocytomas.

Synthesis and characterization of alginate oligosaccharides produced by Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01 / 生物工程学报

In this study, we found that when Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01 accumulated intracellular carbon reserve, medium chain length poly (3-hydroxyalkanoates), it also synthesized extracellular saccharides, alginate oligosaccharides. The high carbon nitrogen ratio of culture medium facilitated alginate oligosaccharides production. We analyzed the structure of alginate oligosaccharide by Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, 1H and 13C of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and found that it was compounded in line from beta-D-mannuronic acids and alpha-L-gluronic acids via beta-(1-->4)/ alpha-(1-->4) bonds, which acetylated partly on the 2- and/or 3-hydroxy. In addition, we determined the weight-average molecular weight of alginate oligosaccharides by gel permeation chromatography to be 2054.

Technical details of ultrasound guided mammotome minimally invasive biopsy system for benign breast mass in 186 cases / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To explore the clinical results and operation experiences for benign breast mass by ultrasound guided mammotome minimally invasive biopsy system (MMIBS). Methods 212 benign breast masses in 186 patients were resected by ultrasound guided MMIBS. Clinical data of 186 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results Needle position in 186 patients was visualized. Lesions were completely removed in 134 cases of 186 (72%) patients. The complete resection rate for tumors on major pectoral muscle or near areola were 31.5% (6/19) and 33.3% (4/12) respectively. Identified by postoperative ultrasound, 118 out of 134 patients (88.0%) with tumor sizes 0.5 to 2.5 cm and 16 out of 38 patients (42.1% ) with sizes 2.5 to 3.0 cm were completely removed. No lesions larger than 3.0 cm were completely removed. All 52 cases in which the tumors were not completely removed by MMIBS were converted to open surgery. Ultrasound follow-up after 4 weeks showed that all the 134 cases that had had masses completely removed had no residual masses, whereas 6 months after operation, 16 out of the 112 cases proved tumor recurrent necessitating open reoperation in 6 cases and second MMIBS operation in 10 cases, among them one case recurred after six months and received open operation. Conclusions For small benign breast mass, MMIBS has therapeutic effect with significantly minimal invasion.

Experimental autoimmune myocarditis induced by porcine cardiac myosin in Lewis rats and echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular dimension and function / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To investigate the feasibility to establish experimental model of autoimmune myocarditis and to study the value of echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular structure and function.Methods Seventy-two male 6 weeks old Lewis rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal control group,negative control group and positive group.Positive group were immunized with porcine cardiac myosin at days 0,7,30.Results ①The positive group showed weight loss,increased heart weight and myocardial necrosis with inflammatory infiltration.②The development of experimental autoimmune myocarditis included acute,subacute and chronic stages.The left ventricular diameter,ventricular wall thickness,left ventricular fractional shortening and ejection fraction of positive group differed significantly from those of other two groups.Conclusions Lewis rats immunized with porcine cardiac myosin may be a desirable experimental model of experimental autoimmune myocarditis,echocardiography can evaluate changes of cardiac structure and function accurately.

Relationship among the anxious symptoms, coping styles and personality traits in patients with depression / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: There are different reports on the comorbidity rates of anxiety and depression. In the pathopsychology of depression, it is unclear for the relationship between coping styles and personality in depressive patient accompanied with anxiety disorders.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between coping styles and personality in depressive patient with anxious disorders.DESIGN: A case-control study.SETTTNG: Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Hunan Brain Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Eighty-eight patients with depression were selected from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and Hunan Brain Hospital from June 2002 to January 2003. Ninety subjects were selected as normal control group from the employees or their family members, health volunteers in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and Sun Yat-sen University.METHODS: All the subjects were surveyed with self-rating depression scale (SDS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), coping style questionnaire and Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ).MATN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of the scores of SDS, SAS, coping styles questionnaire and EPQ between the depressive group and normal control group; ② Comparison of the scores of SDS, SAS, coping styles questionnaire and EPQ between the depressive patients with and without anxious symptoms. ③ Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis of all the indexes in the depressive group.RESULTS: ① All the 178 subjects were involved in the final analysis of results. ① The total scores of SDS and SAS, the scores of psychoticism and neuroticism of EPQ in the depressive group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group, but the score of introversion-extraversion of EPQ and passive coping style were lower than those in the control group. ② The total scores of SDS and SAS, the scores of psychoticism and neuroticism of EPQ were obviously higher but the score of active coping style was lower in the depressive patients with anxious symptoms than in those without anxious symptoms. ③ The correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis suggested that the severity of depressive symptom was significantly related with SAS, introversion-extraversion dimension of EPQ and passive coping style.CONCLUSION: ① Depressive patients suffer from obvious depressive and anxious symptoms and psychoticism, and they inclined to introversion and emotional instability, and adopt less active coping style. ② Depressive patients with anxious symptoms suffer from more serious depressive symptoms, psychoticism and neuroticism, and they adopt active passive coping style. ③ Less adoption of active coping style can be brought into the dimension of introversion-extraversion in personality trait.

Breast-conserving surgery for the treatment of early breast cancer:Analysis of 52 cases / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To discuss curative results of breast-conserving therapy for early primary breast cancer. Methods Fifty-two patients with stage Ⅰ~Ⅱ breast cancer(solitary tumor ≤ 3 cm in size) underwent local lumpectomy and axillary lymph node dissection from March 2000 to September 2005 in this hospital.After operation,the radiation therapy,chemotherapy,and endocrine therapy were given.Results The breast specimens were pathologically examined and no infiltrating margin was found.The rate of good cosmetic effects was 86.5%(45/52).Follow-up examinations in 50 cases for 10~36 months(median,16 months) found no local recurrence and distant metastasis.Conclusions The cosmetic and clinical results of breast-conserving surgery for stage Ⅰ~Ⅱ primary breast cancer are satisfactory.